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SELF AND TEACHER REPORT MEASURES OF
AGGRESSION AND VICTIMIZATION

In Fiscal year 2005‚ The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded eight National Academic Centers of Excellence (ACE) on Youth Violence Prevention. The purpose of the Centers is to connect academic and community resources to study and cr‎eate lasting ways to prevent youth violence.  The ACE Centers are unique from traditional research centers‚ because they work with community members and a variety of educational‚ justice and social work partners to develop action plans‚ community partnerships‚ and community priorities to prevent youth violence in a local community.  Centers are expected to actively foster an environment conducive to reciprocally beneficial collaborations among health scientists‚ social scientists and the affected communities with the common goal of reducing youth interpersonal violence.

This document results from a collaborative effort on the part of several of the ACE centers to address the difficulties associated with empirical assessment of aggression and victimization.

The following table contains information and references for self and teacher report measures of aggressive behavior and victimization in youth. The list represents all measures for which documentation was available and may not be exhaustive. Whenever possible‚ we provide the range of internal consistency for the measures. Some measures provided additional or alternate psychometric measures. However‚ for the sake of a consistent presentation we limit our listing to the internal consistency. For further information on psychometrics of an individual measure‚ please refer to the reference for the measure provided at the end of the document.

Measures noted with an asterisk (*) are those that require payment for a review copy of the measure. All other measures are provided free of ch‎arge.

Measures noted with two asterisks (**) are those for which an electronic copy of the measure is available from www.ace-ucr.edu.
Prepared by:            Emily K. Asencio‚ Ph.D.
Southern California Academic Center for Excellence on
Youth Violence Prevention‚ University of California‚ Riverside
Collaborators:         Al Farrell‚ Ph.D.
Virginia Commonwealth University Center for Youth Violence Prevention
Nancy Guerra‚ Ed.D.
Southern California Academic Center for Excellence on
Youth Violence Prevention‚ University of California‚ Riverside
David Henry‚ Ph.D.
Chicago Center for Youth Violence Prevention‚ University of Illinois at Chicago‚ School of Medicine
Earl Hishinuma‚ Ph.D.
Asian/Pacific Islander Youth Violence Prevention Center‚ University of Hawaii
Bruce Link‚ Ph.D.
Columbia Center for Youth Violence Prevention
Reshma Mahendra‚ MPH
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

 

Name of Measure
Author/Contact
Description/Psychometrics

Adolescent Violence Survey

(Child Self-Report)*

Paul M. Kingery 1998/ kingery@gwu.edu

- Ages 11-18 (6th – 12th grade)

- 41 items measuring violent behavior (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Common Violence‚ Inventive Violence‚ Passive Aggression‚ Impulsive Violence‚ Menacing Language‚ and Severe Menacing

- Internal Consistency .94 on sample of 12-14 year olds

Aggression - Problem Behavior Frequency Scale

(Child Self-Report)**

Multisite Violence Prevention Project 2004/ CDC Compendium

- Ages 11-14 (6th – 8th grade)

- 18 items measuring aggression in the last 30 days

- Subscales include Physical Aggression‚ Non-Physical Aggression‚ and Relational Aggression

- Internal Consistency .79-.80 on sample of 11-14 year olds

Aggression Scale

(Child Self-Report)**

Orpinas & Frankowski 1998/ CDC Compendium

- Ages 11-14 (6th – 8th grade)

- 11 items measuring aggressive behavior in the last 7 days

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency .88-.90 on sample of 9–14 year olds

Aggression Towards Parents High Risk Behavioral Assessment

(Child Self-Report)**
Dolan 1989/ CDC Compendium

- Ages 8-18 (3rd – 12th grade)

- 9 items measuring frequency of aggressive behavior toward parents (time period not specified)

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency not assessed

Aggression and Victimization Scale

(Child Self-Report)**

Orpinas & Frankowski 2001/ CDC Compendium

Ages 9-11 (4th – 5th grade)

- 12 items measuring victimization and aggressive behaviors in the last 7 days

- Subscales include Aggression and Victimization

- Internal consistency .84-.86 on sample of 9-11 year olds

Aggressive Behavior Checklist

(Child Self-Report)*
Jeremy Shapiro 2000/ custsvc@wpspublish.com

- Ages 11-14 (6th – 8th grade)

- 17 items measuring overt aggressive behavior (time period not specified)

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency .90 on sample of African-American and Caucasian 11-14 year olds

Aggressive Behavior Checklist

(Teacher Report)*
Jeremy Shapiro 2000/ custsvc@wpspublish.com

- Ages 11-14 (6th – 8th grade)

- 17 items measuring overt aggressive behavior (time period not specified)

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency .91 on sample of African-American and Caucasian 11-14 year olds

Aggressive Behavior - Joyce Foundation Youth Survey

(Child Self-Report)**

LH Research‚ INC 1993/ CDC Compendium

- Ages 11-14 (6th – 8th grade)

- 6 items measuring victimization and perpetration of violence in the last 30 days

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency .72 on a sample of 11-14 year olds and adults 18 and older

Aggressive Behavior Teacher Checklist

(Teacher Report )

Kenneth A. Dodge & John D. Coie 1987/ Kenneth A. Dodge dodge@pps.duke.edu

- Ages 6-12 (1st – 6th grade)

- 6 items measuring aggressive behavior (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Reactive Aggression and Proactive Aggression

- Internal Consistency .87-.88 on a sample of teachers of 9-12 year olds

Anger Response Inventory
(Child Self-Report)

June Price Tangney‚ Patricia E. Wagner‚ Alice Hansbarger‚ & Rich‎ard Gramzow 1991/ June Tangney jtangney@gmu.edu

- Ages 8-14 (3rd – 8th grade)

- 20 items measuring aggressive behaviors and perceptions of their consequences (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Intentions‚ Behavioral Responses - Aggressive‚ Behavioral Responses Non-aggressive‚ Cognitive Re-appraisals‚ and Long-term Consequences

- Internal Consistency .91-.94 on 8-14 year olds

Anger Self-Report
(Child Self-Report)

Martin L. Zelin‚ Gerald Adler‚ & Paul Myerson 1972/

Martin Zelin mzelin@tufts.edu

- Ages 13 and older (7th grade and up)

- 64 items measuring expression of anger (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Awareness of Anger‚ General Expression of Anger‚ Physical Aggression‚ Verbal Aggression‚ Guilt‚ Condemnation of Anger‚ and Mistrust or Suspicion

- Internal Consistency .64-.83 on psychiatric patients and college students

Asian /Pacific Islander Youth Violence Prevention Center Prevalence and Risk-Protective Factors Survey

(Child Self-Report)

Thornberry‚ Krohn‚ Lizotte‚ Smith‚ and Tobin 2003/

Earl Hishinuma HishinumaE@dop.
hawaii.edu

- Ages 11-21 (5th grade and up)

- 11 item subscale measuring aggressive behavior in the last 30 days

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency not available

Behavior Assessment System for Children

(Child Self-Report)*

Cecil R. Reynolds & Randy W. Kamphaus 1992/ customerservice@agsnet.com

- Ages 6-18 (1st – 12th grade)

- 130 items measuring adaptive and maladaptive behaviors (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Anxiety‚ Attitude to Teachers‚ Atypicality‚ Depression‚ Locus of Control‚ Sense of Inadequacy‚ Social Stress‚ Interpersonal Relations‚ Relations with Parents‚ Self-Esteem‚ Self-Reliance‚ School Maladjustment Composite‚ Clinical Maladjustment Composite‚ Personal Adjustment Composite‚ and Emotional Symptoms Composite

- Internal Consistency .80-.90 on sample of 6-10 year olds

Behavior Assessment System for Children

(Teacher Report)*

Cecil R. Reynolds & Randy W. Kamphaus 1992/ customerservice@agsnet.com

- Ages 6-18 (1st – 12th grade)

- 130 items measuring adaptive and maladaptive behaviors (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Aggression‚ Anxiety‚ Attention Problems‚ Atypicality (Psychoticism)‚ Conduct Problems‚ Depression‚ Hyperactivity‚ Learning Problems‚ Somatization‚ Withdrawal‚ Externalizing Problems Composite‚ Internalizing Problems Composite‚ School Problems Composite‚ Behavior Symptoms Index‚ Adaptability‚ Leadership‚ Social Skills‚ Adaptive Skills Composite‚ and Study Skills

- Internal Consistency .62-.95 on sample of teachers of 6-10 year olds

Behavior Dimensions Rating Scale

(Teacher Report)*

Lyndal M. Bullock & Michael J. Wilson 1989/ jennifer_harris@hmco.com

- Ages 5 and older (Kindergarten – 12th grade)

- 31 items measuring behavior patterns (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Aggressive-Acting Out‚ Irresponsible-Inattentive‚ Socially Withdrawn‚ and Fearful-Anxious

- Internal Consistency .87-.98 on sample of 5-18 year olds

Behavior Rating Profile
(Child Self-Report)*

Linda Brown & Donald D. Hammill 1990/ tmaddox@proedinc.com

- Ages 6-18 (1st-12th grade)

- 30 items measuring behavior (time period not specified)

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency .77-.87 on sample 6-18 year olds

Behavior Rating Profile
(Teacher Report)*

Linda Brown & Donald D. Hammill 1990/ tmaddox@proedinc.com

- Ages 6-18 (1st-12th grade)

- 30 items measuring behavior (time period not specified)

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency .87-.97 on sample of teachers of 6-18 year olds

Behavioral Checklist of Aggressiveness‚ Assertiveness‚ and Submissiveness

(Teacher Report)

Robert Deluty 1984/ Robert H. Deluty deluty@umbc.edu

- Ages 6-12 (1st-6th grade)

- 30 items measuring natural behavior during school activities (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Aggressiveness‚ Assertiveness‚ and Submissiveness

- Internal Consistency .38-.88 on sample of 6-12 year olds in a parochial school

Bullying Behavior Scale
(Child Self-Report)

Sharon Austin & Stephen Joseph 1996/ Stephen Joseph S.Joseph@warwick.ac.u

- Ages 8-11 (3rd - 5th grade)

- 6 items measuring perpetration of negative physical actions (time period not specified)

- No Subscales specified

- Internal Consistency .82 on sample of 5-11 year olds in the UK

Burk's Behavior Rating Scale

(Teacher Report)*
Harold F. Burks 1977/ custsvc@wpspublish.
com

- Ages 6-13 (1st-9h grade)

- 110 items measuring patterns of behavior problems (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Excessive Self-Blame‚ Excessive Anxiety‚ Excessive Withdrawal‚ Excessive Dependency‚ Poor Ego Strength‚ Poor Physical Strength‚ Poor Coordination‚ Poor Intellectuality‚ Poor Academics‚ Poor Attention‚ Poor Impulse Control‚ Poor Reality Contact‚ Poor Sense of Identity‚ Excessive Sense of Persecution‚ Excessive Aggressiveness‚ Excessive Resistance‚ and Poor Social Conformity

- Internal Consistency not assessed

Child Behavior Checklist
(Teacher Report)*

Thomas M. Achenbach 1991‚ 2001/ mail@ASEBA.org

- Ages 6-18 (1st-12th grade)

- 140 items measuring a child’s problem behaviors and competencies in the last 6 months

- Subscales include Aggressive Behavior‚ Anxious/Depressed‚ Attention Problems‚ Delinquent Rule-Breaking Behavior‚ Social Problems‚ Somatic Complaints‚ Thought Problems‚ Withdrawn‚ Externalizing‚ Internalizing‚ Total Problems‚ and DSM-oriented scales.

- Internal Consistency .78-.97 on sample of 6-18 year olds

Direct Observation Form
(Teacher Report)*
Thomas M. Achenbach 1986/ mail@ASEBA.org

- Ages 5-14 (Kindergarten – 10th grade)

- 96 items measuring children’s observable behavior during a 10-minute time period

- Subscales include Withdrawn-Inattentive‚ Nervous-Obsessive‚ Depressed‚ Hyperactive‚ Attention-Demanding‚ Aggressive‚ On-Task‚ Internalizing‚ Externalizing‚ and Total Problems

- Internal Consistency not assessed

Fighting – High Risk Behavioral Assessme

nt
(Child Self-Report)**
Dolan 1989/ CDC Compendium

- Ages 8-18 (3rd – 12th grade)

- 10 items measuring frequency of violent behavior between peers (time period not specified)

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency not assessed-

Fighting to and From School NYC Youth Violence Survey

(Child Self-Report) **

Division of Adolescent and School Health‚ CDC 1993/ CDC Compendium

- Ages 14-18 ( 9th – 12th grade)

- 4 items measuring frequency of fighting going to and from school in the last 12 months

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency not assessed

High Risk Situations Questionnaire

(Child Self-Report)

Andrew J. Howell‚ John R. Reddon‚ & Rich‎ard A. Enns 1997/ Andrew Howell howella@admin.gmcc.ab.ca

- Ages 12-18 (7th – 12th grade)

- 66 items importance of antecedents to a past‚ highly salient offense (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Delinquency‚ Negative Affectivity‚ and Aggression

- Internal Consistency not assessed

Interpersonal Behavior Survey

(Child Self-Report)*

Paul A. Muager‚ David R. Adkinson‚ Suzanne K. Zoss‚ Gregory Firestone‚ & David Hook 1993/ custsvc@wpspublish.com

- Ages 14 and older (9th grade and up)

- 272 items a portion of which measure dimensions of assertive and aggressive behavior (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Denial‚ Infrequency‚ Impression Management‚ General Aggressiveness‚ Hostile Stance‚ Expression of Anger‚ Disregard for Rights‚ Verbal Aggressiveness‚ Physical Aggressiveness‚ Passive Aggressiveness‚ General Assertiveness‚ Self-Confidence‚ Initiating Assertiveness‚ Defending Assertiveness‚ Frankness‚ Praise‚ Requesting Help‚ Refusing Demands‚ Conflict Avoidance‚ Dependency‚ and Shyness.

- Internal Consistency .11-.90 on a sample of adult community members‚ 2 college groups‚ an African-American group‚ and a high school group

Measure of Aggression‚ Violence‚ Rage in Children

(Child Self-Report)

Jonathan N. Bass‚ Douglas L. Geenens‚ & ch‎arles Popper 1993/ Jonathan B. Bass  jbass@attbi.com

- Ages 4 - 18 (pre-school – 12th grade)

- 19 measuring impulsive aggressiveness (time period not specified)

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency .84-.89 on sample of 1-8 year olds in a psychiatric unit and a sample of 2-8 year olds in a public elementary school

Missouri Children's Behavior Checklist
(Teacher Report)**

Jacob O. Sines 1987/ Jacob O. Sines

- Ages 9-15 (4th – 10th grade)

- 68 items measuring behavior of children in class (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Aggression‚ Inhibition‚ Activity Level‚ Somatization‚ Sociability‚ and Depression

- Internal Consistency .42-.90 on sample of teachers in a small town in Missouri

Modified Aggression Scale
(Child Self-Report)**

Kris Bosworth‚ Dorothy L. Espelage‚ & Thomas R. Simon 1999/ CDC Compendium

- Ages 11- 13 (6th – 8th grade)

- 22 items measuring aggressive behavior in the last 30 days

- Subscales include Fighting‚ Bullying‚ Anger‚ and Cooperative/Caring Behavior

- Internal Consistency .73-.83 on sample of 11-13 year olds

Modified National Youth Survey Delinquency Scale

(Child Self-Report)

Elliot‚ Huizinga‚ and Ageton 1985/Thao Le tle@sf.nccd-crc.org

- Ages 11- 13 (6th – 8th grade)

- 45 item subscale adapted from the National Youth Survey measuring delinquent behavior in the last year

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency .78-.88 on sample of 11-17 year olds

New York Teacher Rating Scale
(Teacher Report)

Laurie S. Miller‚ Rachel G. Klein‚ John Piacentini‚ Howard Abikoff‚ Manoj R. Shah‚ Anna Samoilov‚ & Mary Guardino 1995/ Laurie S. Miller millel02@med.nyu.edu

- Ages 6- 18 (1st – 12th grade)

- 36 items measuring defiant and aggressive behavior (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Defiance‚ Physical Aggression‚ Delinquent Aggression‚ Peer Relations‚ Antisocial Behavior‚ and Disruptive Behavior

- Internal Consistency .73-.95 on sample of 6-18 year olds and a sample of children meeting DSMIII_R criteria of conduct disorder

Non-Physical Aggression - Pittsburgh Youth Study
(Child Self-Report)**

Loeber‚ Farrington‚ Stouthamer-Loeber‚ & Van Kammen 1998/ CDC Compendium

- Ages 6‚ 9 and 12 (1st ‚ 4th ‚ and 7th grade)

- 16 items measuring non-physical aggressive behavior (time period not specified)

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency .85 on sample of 6‚9‚ and 12 year old males followed into adulthood

Physical Aggression Scale
(Child Self-Report)

L. Rowell Huesmann‚ Leonard D. Eron‚ Monroe M. Lefkowitz‚ & Leopold O. Walder 1984/ L. Rowell Huesmann huesmann@umich.edu

- Ages 15 and older (10th grade and up)

- 13 items measuring general aggressive behavior (time period not specified)

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency .81 -.85 on sample of 48-50 year olds

Physical Fighting - Youth Risk Behavior Survey

(Child Self-Report)**

Division of Adolescent and School Health‚ CDC 1993‚2003/ CDC Compendium

- Ages 14–18 (9th -12th grade)

- 4 items measuring frequency of fighting and injuries from fights in the last year

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency not assessed

Problem Behavior Frequency Scales

(Child Self-Report)

Farrell‚ Danish‚ and Howard 1992/ Al Farrell afarrell@mail.vcu.edu

- Ages 12-18 (7h - 12th grade )

- 51 items measuring frequency of problem behaviors in the last 30 days

- Subscales include Physical Aggression‚ Non-physical Aggression‚ Relational Aggression‚ Overt Victimization‚ Relational Victimization‚ Delinquent Behavior‚ and Drug Use

- Internal Consistency .72 - .88 on a sample of 12 and 14 year olds

Questionnaire on Emotional Instability‚ Pro-social Behavior‚ and Aggression

(Child Self-Report)

Concetta Pastorelli‚ Claudio Barbaranelli‚ Ivo Cermak‚ Sandor Rozsa‚ & Gian Vittorio Caprara 1997/ Gian Vittorio Caprara caprara@axrma.uniroma1.it

- Ages 11-15 (6th - 10h grade)

- 55 items measuring emotional instability‚ pro-social behavior‚ and aggression (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Emotional Instability‚ Pro-social Behavior‚ and Aggression

- Internal Consistency .69 - .87 on a sample of 11-15 year olds in Italy‚ Hungary and the Czech Republic

Reactive/Proactive Aggression FastTrack

(Child Self-Report)**

Dodge & Coie 1987/ CDC Compendium

- Ages 7-16 (2nd - 11th grade)

- 26 items measuring reactive and proactive aggression (time period not specified)

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency .84 -.91 on sample of 7-16 year old males

Reactive/Proactive Aggression FastTrack

(Teacher Report)**

Dodge & Coie 1987/ CDC Compendium

- Ages 4 -18 (kindergarten - 12th grade)

- 6 items measuring reactive teacher’s perceptions of reactive and proactive aggression (time period not specified)

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency .90 - .94 on sample of teachers of 4-18 year olds

Revised Behavior Problem Checklist
(Teacher Report)*
Herbert C. Quay & Donald R. Peterson 1996/ custserv@parinc.com

- Ages 5 -18 (kindergarten - 12th grade)

- 89 items measuring problem behavior (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Conduct Disorder‚ Socialized Aggression‚ Attention Problems - Immaturity‚ Anxiety-Withdrawal‚ Psychotic Behavior‚ and Motor Tension-Excess

- Internal Consistency .73-.94 on sample children in psychiatric treatment and children attending a school for children with disabilities

Revised Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire

(Child Self-Report)*
Dan Olweus 1996/ Dan Olweus dan.olweus@psych.uib.no

- Ages 8-16 (3rd – 101h grade)

- 40 items measuring bully/victim problems (time period not specified)

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency .80-.90 on students in Norway‚ US‚ and UK

Revised Teacher Rating Scale for Reactive and Proactive Aggression

(Teacher Report)

Kim Brown‚ Marc S. Atkins‚ Mary L. Osborne‚ & Mary Milnamow 1996/ Mark S. Atkins Matkins@psych.uic.edu

- Ages 8-10 (3rd - 12th grade)

- 28 items measuring reactive aggression and proactive aggression (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Proactive Aggression‚ Reactive Aggression‚ Covert Antisocial‚ and Prosocial Behavior

- Internal Consistency .92-.94 on sample of teachers of 8-10 year old boys

Sage Baseline Survey
(Child Self-Report)**

Research Triangle Institute 1993/ CDC Compendium

- Ages 12-16 (7th -11h grade)

- 12 items measuring the recency of aggressive and other high risk behaviors (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Aggressive Behavior‚ Disciplinary and Delinquent Behavior‚ and Drug and Alcohol Use

- Internal Consistency .80 on sample of 12-16 year old African American males

Seriousness of Violence Classification - Pittsburgh Youth Study

(Child Self-Report)**

Loeber‚ Farrington‚ Stouthamer-Loeber‚ & Van Kammen 1998/ CDC Compendium

- Ages 6‚ 9 and 12 (1st ‚ 4th ‚ and 7th grade)

- 5 items measuring the highest level of violence reached in the past 6 months or 1 year

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency not assessed

Social Behavior Questionnaire

(Teacher Report)

Rich‎ard E. Tremblay‚ Rolf Loeber‚ C. Gagnon‚ P. ch‎arlebois‚ S. Larivee‚ & M. LeBlanc 1991/ Rich‎ard E. Tremblay grip@umontreal.ca

- Ages 6-14 (1st – 9th grade)

- 44 items measuring physical aggression (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Disruptiveness‚ Physical Aggression‚ Anxiety‚ Inattention‚ Hyperactivity‚ Opposition‚ and Prosociality

- Internal Consistency .61-.93 on a sample of teachers of 6-12 year old French Canadian boys

Social Experience Questionnaire

(Child Self-Report)

Nicki R. Crick & Jennifer K. Grotpeter 1996/ Nicki R. Crick crick001@umn.edu

- Ages 9-11 (4th – 5th grade)

- 17 items measuring positive and negative treatment by peers (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Victims of Relational Aggression‚ Victims of Overt Aggression‚ and Recipients of Caring Acts

- Internal Consistency .89-.91 on a sample of 8-10 year olds

Teacher Observations of Classroom Adaptation-Revised

(Teacher Report)

S.G. Kellam‚ C.H. Brown‚ B.R. Rubin‚ & M.E. Ensminger 1983/Henry David dhenry@uic.edu

- Ages 6-12 (1st – 6h grade)

- 43 items measuring problem behaviors in the classroom (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Concentration‚ Aggression‚ Shyness‚ Maturity‚ Hyperactivity‚ Impulsivity‚ and Depression

- Internal Consistency not available

Victimization - Problems Behavior Frequency Scale

(Child Self-Report)**

Multisite Violence Prevention Project 2004/ CDC Compendium

- Ages 12-14 (6th – 8th grade)

- 12 items measuring frequency of overt and relational victimization in the last 30 days

- Subscales include Overt Victimization and Relational Victimization

- Internal Consistency .84 on a sample of 12-14 year olds

Victimization
(Child Self-Report)**

Orpinas & Kelder 1995/ CDC Compendium

- Ages 12-14 (66h – 8th grade)

- 10 items measuring frequency of victimization in the last 7 days

- No subscales specified

- Internal Consistency .85 on a sample of 12– 14 year olds

Youth Self Report
(Child Self-Report)*

Thomas M. Achenbach & C. S. Edelbrock 1991‚ 2001/ mail@ASEBA.org

- Ages 11-18 (6th – 12th grade)

- 112 items measuring competence and behavior problems (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Competence Scales‚ Somatic Complaints‚ Anxious/Depressed‚ Social Problems‚ Thought Problems‚ Attention Problems‚ Delinquent Rule-Breaking Behaviors‚ Aggressive Behaviors‚ Internalizing‚ Externalizing‚ Total Problems‚ and DSM-oriented scales.

- Internal Consistency .71-.95 on a sample of 11-18 year olds

Youth's Victimization by Community Violence Questionnaire

(Child Self-Report)

Kuther & Fisher 1998/ Tara L. Kuther KutherT@wcsu.ctstateu.edu

- Ages 12-14 (6th – 8th grade)

- 90 items measuring experiences with violent events (time period not specified)

- Subscales include Victimization of yourself or someone else‚ Being Chased or Threatened‚ Being Slapped‚ Hit‚ Punched‚ or Jumped‚ Being Mugged or Robbed‚ and Being Seriously Wounded

- Internal Consistency not assessed


Reference List for Self and Teacher Report Measures of Aggression and Victimization

Achenbach‚ T. M. (1986). The Direct Observation Form of the Child Behavior

Checklist (Rev ed.). Burlington‚ VT: University of Vermont‚ Department of

Psychiatry.
Achenbach‚ T. M. (1991) Integrative Guide to the 1991 CBCL/4-18‚ YSR‚ and TRF

Profiles. Burlington‚ VT: University of Vermont‚ Department of Psychology.

Achenbach‚ T. M. (1991). Manual for the Youth Self-Report and 1991 Profile.
Burlington‚ VT: University of Vermont‚ Department of Psychiatry.

Austin‚ S.‚ & Joseph‚ S. (1996). Assessment of bully/victim problems in 8 to 11 year-

olds. British Journal of Educational Psychology‚ 66 (4)‚ 447-456.

Bosworth‚ K.‚ Espelage‚ D. L.‚ & Simon‚ T. R. (1999). Factors associated with

bullying behavior in middle school students. Journal of Early Adolescence‚ 19 (3)‚

341-362.

Brown‚ K.‚ Atkins M. S.‚ Osborne‚ M. L.‚ & Milnamow‚ M. (1996). A revised teacher

rating scale for reactive and proactive aggression. Journal of Abnormal Child

Psychology‚ 24 (4)‚ 473-480.

Brown‚ L. L.‚ & Hammill‚ D. D. (1983). Behavior Rating Profile: An ecological

approach to behavioral assessment. Austin‚ TX: PRO-ED.

Bullock‚ L. M.‚ & Wilson‚ M. J. (1989). Behavior Dimensions Rating Scale:

Examiner's Manual. Itasca‚ IL: Riverside.

Burks‚ Harold F.‚ Ph.D. (1996). Burks' Behavior Rating Scales: Manual. Los Angeles‚

CA: Western Psychological Services.

Caprara‚ G. V.‚ & Pastorelli‚ C. (1993). Early emotional instability‚ prosocial behavior

and aggression: Some methodological aspects. European Journal of Personality‚

7‚ 19-36.

Crick‚ N. R.‚ & Bigbee‚ M. A. (1998). Relational and overt forms of peer victimization:

A multiinformant approach. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology‚ 66 (2)‚

337-347.

Deluty‚ R.H. (1984). Behavioral validation of the Children's Action Tendency Scale.

Journal of Behavioral Assessment‚ 6(2)‚ 115-130.

Division of Adolescent and School Health Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and

Health Promotion (1993). New York City Youth Violence Survey. Atlanta‚ GA:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Division of Adolescent and School Health Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and

Health Promotion (2003). Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Atlanta‚ GA: Centers for

Disease Control and Prevention.

Dodge‚ K. A.‚ & Coie‚ J. D. (1987). Social-information-processing factors in reactive
and proactive aggression in children's peer groups. Journal of Personality and

Social Psychology‚ 53 (6)‚ 1146-1158.

Dolan S. (1989) Doctoral Dissertation (unpublished) University of Chicago‚

Department of Psychology. Chicago‚ IL.

Elliot‚ D‚. S.‚ Huizinga‚ D.‚ & Ageton‚ S. S. (1985). Explaining delinquency

and drug use. Beverly Hills‚ CA: Sage.

Farrell A.‚ Danish S.‚ and Howard C. (1992). Relationship Between Drug Use and

Other Problem Behaviors in Urban Adolescents. Journal of Consulting and

Clinical Psychology.‚ 60 (5) 705-712.

Flewelling‚ R. L.‚ Paschall‚ M. J.‚ & Ringwalt‚ C. L. (1993). SAGE Baseline survey.

Research Triangle Park‚ NC: Research Triangle Institute (Unpublished).

Goodman‚ R.‚ Meltzer‚ H.‚ & Bailey‚ V. (1998). The Strengths and Difficulties

questionnaire: A pilot study on the validity of the self-report version. European

Child & Adolescent Psychiatry‚ 7‚ 125-130.

Howell‚ A. J.‚ Reddon‚ J. R.‚ & Enns‚ R. A. (1997). Immediate antecedents to

adolescents' offenses. Journal of Clinical Psychology‚ 53 (4)‚ 355-360.

Huesmann‚ L. R.‚ Eron‚ L. D.‚ Lefkowitz‚ M. M. (1984). Stability of aggression over

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