آزمون ها و تست های روانشناسی - مرکز مشاوره خانواده روانشناسی ندای مهر

Multicultural Acculturation Scale

Multicultural Acculturation Scale (MAS)

Instructions: Please circle the response that is closest to the way that you act or feel right now. Remember‚ there are no right or wrong answers. We are interested in your personal feelings and opinions. Please do not skip any of the questions. If you are unsure of an answer‚ please circle your best guess.

1. Which best describes your current use of English?

a. Do not to use English at all.

b. Use English only when need to‚ to greet neighbors‚ buy groceries.

c. Use English with people who speak both Vietnamese and English.

d. Use English most of the time‚ except with elders‚ children‚ or those who speak only Vietnamese.

e. Use English almost all the time‚ even at home with family and friends who speak Vietnamese.

2. Which best describes your current use of Vietnamese?

a. Do not to use Vietnamese at all.

b. Use Vietnamese only when need to‚ to greet acquaintances‚ shop in Vietnamese stores.

c. Use Vietnamese with people who speak both Vietnamese and English.

d. Use Vietnamese except at work or with those who speak only English.

e. Use Vietnamese almost all the time‚ even at home‚ at work‚ and with friends.

3. How much are your everyday activities similar to what most Anglo-Americans do?

A. Do you usually cook and eat Anglo-American foods in your home?

a. Not at all; do not eat Anglo-American foods.

b. Once a month; only on special occasions.

c. Eat Anglo-American foods about half the time; for breakfast and lunch‚ but not usually for dinner.

d. Usually eat Anglo-American foods except for special occasions or entertaining.

e. Eat Anglo-American foods for almost every meal and for most special occasions.

4. How much are your everyday activities similar to what most Vietnameses do?

A. Do you usually cook and eat Vietnamese foods in your home?

a. Not at all; do not eat Vietnamese foods.

b. Once a month; only on special occasions.

c. Eat Vietnamese foods about half the time‚ usually for dinner or have the time to prepare.

d. Usually eat Vietnamese foods except for American holidays or special occasions.

e. Eat Vietnamese foods for almost every meal and even for holidays most special occasions

B. Do you follow Anglo-American rules of behavior and discipline for your children?

a. Do not use Anglo-American ways of raising children. Children have many rules and duties and are closely supervised.

b. Children have more rules and less freedom than most Anglo-American children.

c. Children are allowed some independence but are more taught more respect than Americans.

d. Children have most of the same privileges and responsibility as their American friends.

e. Children have all the same privileges and rules as their American friends.

B. Do you follow Vietnamese rules of behavior and discipline for your children?

a. Do not use Vietnamese ways of raising children. Children are encouraged to be independent.

b. Do not follow most of the Vietnamese rules as they are very difficult to enforce.

c. Children follow some traditional rules but not others; choose only those which work.

d. Children are taught traditional rules and effort is made to enforce these.

e. Children are raised with traditional rules and are taught to obey and respect their elders.

C. Do you take part in Anglo-American recreational and social activities?

a. Do not take part in Anglo-American sports‚ social events‚ or holidays.

b. Take part in a few activities like American holidays or special events.

c. Take part in some Anglo-American activities on a regular basis.

d. Take part in many forms of Anglo-American entertainment and recreation.

e. Take part in all forms of Anglo-American activities at home and in the community.

C. Do you take part in Vietnamese recreational and social activities?

a. Do not take part in Vietnamese events‚ celebrations‚ or games.

b. Take part in a few activities‚ like Vietnamese holidays or special events.

c. Take part in some Vietnamese activities on a regular basis‚ like shows‚ martial arts‚ parties.

d. Take part in many forms of Vietnamese entertainment and recreation.

e. Take part in all types of Vietnamese entertainment and recreation at home and in the community.

5. What is your present job or occupation?

A. How many of the workers in the same type of jobs are Anglo-Americans?

a. None are Anglo-American

b. A few are Anglo-American

c. Half are Anglo-American

d. Most are Anglo-American

e. Almost all are Anglo-American

6. In terms of your present job or occupation . . .

A. How many of the workers in the same type of jobs are of Vietnamese origin?

a. None are of Vietnamese origin

b. A few are of Vietnamese origin

c. Half are of Vietnamese origin

d. Most are of Vietnamese origin

e. Almost all are of Vietnamese origin

B. How many of the bosses or supervisors in your workplace are Anglo- Americans?

a. None are Anglo-American

b. A few are Anglo-American

c. Half are Anglo-American

d. Most are Anglo-American

e. Almost all are Anglo-American

B. How many of the bosses or supervisors in your workplace are of Vietnamese origins?

a. None are of Vietnamese origin

b. A few are of Vietnamese origin

c. Half are of Vietnamese origin

d. Most are of Vietnamese origin

e. Almost all are of Vietnamese origin

7. How well do you know the history of the United States?

a. Not at all; have never studied.

b. A little; have never studied formally but I am aware of a few historical events.

c. Somewhat; know names of past presidents and major historical events.

d. Well; have studied history in classes.

e. Very well; have read and studied a lot.

8. How familiar are you with the history of your country of origin?

a. Not at all; have never studied.

b. A little; have never studied formally but I am aware of a few historical events.

c. Somewhat; know names of past leaders and major historical events.

d. Well; have studied history in classes.

e. Very well; have read and studied a lot.

9. How many of the families in the neighborhood where you live are Anglo-Americans?

a. None

b. A few

c. Half

d. Most

e. Almost all

10. How many of the families in the neighborhood where you live are also of Vietnamese origin?

a. None

b. A few

c. Half

d. Most

e. Almost all

11. Which of the following best describes your friendships with Anglo-Americans?

a. Have no close friends who are Anglo-Americans.

b. Have a very few Anglo-American friends whom I see a few times a year.

c. Have several close Anglo-American friends.

d. Have many close Anglo-American friends whom I see regularly for social events.

e. Almost all of my friends are Anglo-Americans.

12. How many of your closest friends whom you see on a regular basis are also of Vietnamese origin?

a. Have no close friends who are of Vietnamese origin.

b. Have a very few Vietnamese friends whom I see a few times a year.

c. Have several close Vietnamese friends.

d. Have many close Vietnamese friends whom I see regularly for social events.

e. Almost all of my friends are of Vietnamese origin.

13. Think of your home when you were growing up as a child. How much did your parents do each of the following?

A. Did you usually cook and eat Anglo-American foods in your home?

a. Not at all; did not eat Anglo-American foods.

b. Once a month; only on special occasions.

c. Ate Anglo-American foods about half the time; for breakfast and lunch but not usually for dinner.

d. Usually ate Anglo-American foods except for special occasions or entertaining.

e. Ate Anglo-American foods for almost every meal and for most special occasions.

14. Think of your home when you were growing up as a child. How much did your parents do each of the following?

A. Did you usually cook and eat Vietnamese foods in your home?

a. Not at all; did not eat Vietnamese foods.

b. Once a month; only on special occasions.

c. Ate Vietnamese foods about half the time‚ usually for dinner or have the time to prepare.

d. Usually ate Vietnamese foods except for non-Vietnamese holidays or special occasions.

e. Ate Vietnamese foods for almost every meal and even for holidays most special occasions

B. Did your parents follow Anglo-American rules of behavior and discipline?

a. Did not use Anglo-American ways of raising children. As a child‚ I had many rules and duties and was closely supervised.

b. As a child‚ I had more rules and less freedom than most Anglo-American children.

c. As a child‚ I was allowed some independence but was more taught more respect than Americans.

d. As a child I had most of the same privileges and responsibility as American children.

e. As a child‚ I had all the same privileges and rules as American children.

B. Did your parents follow Vietnamese rules of behavior and discipline?

a. Did not use Vietnamese ways of raising children. As a child‚ I was encouraged to be independent and outspoken.

b. Did not follow most of the Vietnamese rules as most were very difficult to enforce.

c. As a child‚ I followed some traditional rules but not others; parents used only those that worked.

d. As a child‚ I was taught traditional rules and effort was made to enforce these.

e. As a child‚ I was raised with traditional rules and was taught to obey and respect my elders.

C. As a child‚ did your family take part in Anglo-American recreational and social activities?

a. Our family did not take part in Anglo-American sports‚ social events‚ or holidays.

b. Our family took part in a few activities like American holidays or special events.

c. Our family took part in some Anglo-American activities on a regular basis.

d. Our family took part in many forms of Anglo-American entertainment and recreation.

e. Our family took part in all forms of Anglo-American activities at home and in the community.

C. As a child‚ did your family take part in Vietnamese recreational and social activities?

a. Our family did not take part in Vietnamese events‚ celebrations‚ or games.

b. Our family took part in a few activities‚ like Vietnamese holidays or special events.

c. Our family took part in some Vietnamese activities on a regular basis‚ like shows‚ martial arts‚ parties.

d. Our family took part in many forms of Vietnamese entertainment and recreation.

e. Our family took part in all types of Vietnamese entertainment and recreation at home and in the community.

15.

A. How much do you listen to Anglo-American style music?

a. Not at all.

b. A little‚ only with American friends.

c. Sometimes but do not buy American records or tapes.

d. Frequently listen to American music.

e. Listen to and buy American music most of the time.

16.

A. How much do you listen to Vietnamese style music?

a. Not at all.

b. A little‚ only with Vietnamese friends.

c. Sometimes but do not buy Vietnamese records or tapes.

d. Frequently listen to Vietnamese music.

e. Listen to and purchase Vietnamese music most of the time.

B. How much do you watch Anglo-American shows (TV‚ videos‚ movies)?

a. Not at all.

b. A little‚ only with American friends.

c. Sometimes on TV‚ but usually do not go to American movies or rent videos.

d. Frequently watch American movies and videos.

e. Watch American movies and videos most of the time.

B. How much do you watch Vietnamese shows (TV‚ videos‚ movies)?

a. Not at all.

b. A little; only with Vietnamese friends.

c. Sometimes on TV but usually do not go to Vietnamese movies or rent videos.

d. Frequently watch Vietnamese movies and videos.

e. Watch Vietnamese movies and videos most of the time.

C. How much do you take part in Anglo-American cultural activities‚ such as local concerts‚ fireworks‚ parades‚ museum shows‚ art galleries‚ and local sports events?

a. Not at all.

b. Once or twice year‚ usually when invited by American friends.

c. Occasionally‚ with both American and Vietnamese friends.

d. Regularly; make an effort to be informed about American cultural events.

e. Often; will go alone or will invite friends or help organize events.

C. How much do you take part in Vietnamese cultural activities‚ such as New year’s and other holiday celebrations‚ banquets‚ film showings‚ association meetings‚ and informal dinners?

a. Not at all.

b. Once or twice year‚ usually when invited by relatives or friends.

c. Occasionally‚ with both American and Vietnamese friends.

d. Regularly; make an effort to be informed about Vietnamese cultural events.

e. Often; will go alone or will invite friends or help organize events.

17. In terms of your own knowledge about the customs and rules‚ how much difficulty do you feel you (would) have in living in a community in which all the other people were Anglo-Americans?

a. No difficulty.

b. A little difficulty.

c. Some difficulty.

d. Much difficulty.

e. Very much difficulty.

18. In terms of your own knowledge about the customs and rules‚ how much difficulty do you feel you (would) have in living in a community in which all the other members were of Vietnamese origin?

a. No difficulty.

b. A little difficulty.

c. Some difficulty.

d. Much difficulty.

e. Very much difficulty.

19. In terms of where you are living right now‚ how much do you feel like you are living in an Anglo-American neighborhood?

a. Not at all.

b. A little.

c. Somewhat.

d. Much.

e. Very much.

20. In terms of where you are living right now‚ how much do you feel like you are living in a Vietnamese neighborhood?

a. Not at all.

b. A little.

c. Somewhat.

d. Much.

e. Very much.

21. What is your current religion?

A. How much do you take part in activities sponsored by a religious organization which is mostly Anglo-American?

a. Not at all.

b. Once or twice year‚ usually with American friends for special events.

c. Occasionally‚ with both Americans and other Vietnamese.

d. Regularly‚ more than twice a month with friends or family.

e. Often; will go alone or will invite friends or help organize events.

22.

A. How much do you take part in activities sponsored by a religious organization which is mostly Vietnamese?

a. Not at all.

b. Once or twice year‚ usually with Vietnamese friends or relatives for special events.

c. Occasionally‚ with both Americans and other Vietnamese.

d. Regularly‚ more than twice a month with friends or family.

e. Often; will go alone or will invite friends or help organize events.

B. How similar are your personal religious beliefs to those of most Anglo-Americans?

a. Religious beliefs are very different from those of most Anglo-Americans.

b. Religious beliefs are somewhat different.

c. Some religious beliefs are similar but some are also very different.

d. Religious beliefs are somewhat similar.

e. Religious beliefs are very similar to those of most Anglo-Americans.

B. How similar are your personal religious beliefs to those of most traditional Vietnamese?

a. Religious beliefs are very different from those of most traditional Vietnamese.

b. Religious beliefs are somewhat different.

c. Some religious beliefs are similar but some are also very different.

d. Religious beliefs are somewhat similar.

e. Religious beliefs are very similar to those of most traditional Vietnamese.

23. If asked‚ what would you call yourself ethnically?

When you think of your ethnic identity‚ how much of the time do you identify yourself as an ‘‘American’’?

a. Not at all.

b. A little.

c. Somewhat.

d. Much.

e. Very much.

24. What ‘‘label’’ would you give to a person of your ethnic background who is living in America?

How much of the time do you identify yourself using that label?

a. Not at all.

b. A little.

c. Somewhat.

d. Much.

e. Very much.

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15 مهر 1391

The Methods of Monitoring Scale

The Methods of Monitoring Scale by Niehoff and Ghartey-Tagoe (1991)

For this study‚ we added items measuring parts of the constructs that were not adequately represented in the original scales and de‎leted items that seemed to stray from the intended constructs. The resulting scales were observation‚ five items‚ manager-initiated discussions‚ five items‚ and formal meetings‚ three items. All items were measured on a six point scale ranging from "behavior not exhibited" to "behavior exhibited more than once per day."

Informal discussions

How frequently does your general manager ...

1. Schedule meetings with you to talk about your work progress?

2. Discuss details of your work with you?

3. Ask you to clarify a few points on a report written about your work?

4. Ask you to come to his/her office to discuss a work problem?

5. Ask you about the work progress of your coworkers?

Observation

How often does your general manager ...

1. Walk around the workplace?

2. Watch you as you work?

3. Just stand or sit and observe everyone working?

4. Carefully examine the work you have completed?

5. Check to see if you are working efficiently?

Formal meetings

How often does your general manager meet to discuss work progress with ...

1. You individually?

2. You and a few coworkers?

3. Your entire department?

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JUSTICE AS A MEDIATOR OE THE

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN METHODS OF

MONITORING AND ORGANIZATIONAL

CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR

BRIAN P. NIEHOFF

Kansas State University

ROBERT H. MOORMAN

West Virginia University

Academy of Management journal

1993. VoL 36. No. 3. 527-556. June

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15 مهر 1391

Stephenson Multigroup Acculturation Scale

Stephenson Multigroup Acculturation Scale (SMAS)

Below are a number of statements that evaluate changes that occur when people interact with others of different cultures or ethnic groups.

For questions that refer to COUNTRY OF ORIGIN or NATIVE COUNTRY‚ please refer to the country from which your family originally came.

For questions referring to NATIVE LANGUAGE‚ please refer to the language spoken where your family originally came.

Circle the answer that best matches your response to each statement

False‚ Partly false‚ Partly true‚ True

1. I understand English‚ but I am not fluent in English.

2. I am informed about current affairs in the United States.

3. I speak my native language with my friends and acquaintances from my country of origin.

4. I have never learned to speak the language of my native country.

5. I feel totally comfortable with (Anglo) American people.

6. I eat traditional foods from my native culture.

7. I have many (Anglo) American acquaintances.

8. I feel comfortable speaking my native language.

9. I am informed about current affairs in my native country.

10. I know how to read and write in my native language.

11. I feel at home in the United States.

12. I attend social functions with people from my native country.

13. I feel accepted by (Anglo) Americans.

14. I speak my native language at home.

15. I regularly read magazines of my ethnic group.

16. I know how to speak my native language.

17. I know how to prepare (Anglo) American foods.

18. I am familiar with the history of my native country.

19. I regularly read an American newspaper.

20. I like to listen to music of my ethnic group.

21. I like to speak my native language.

22. I feel comfortable speaking English.

23. I speak English at home.

24. I speak my native language with my spouse or partner.

25. When I pray‚ I use my native language.

26. I attend social functions with (Anglo) American people.

27. I think in my native language.

28. I stay in close contact with familymembers and relatives inmynative country.

29. I am familiar with important people in American history.

30. I think in English.

31. I speak English with my spouse or partner.

32. I like to eat American foods.

http://biculturalism.ucr.edu/pdfs/Huynh%20et%20al_JCCP2009.pdf

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15 مهر 1391

The Justice Scale

The Justice Scale

This scale was based on one used by Moorman (1991) and had reported reliabilities above .90 for all three dimensions. All items used a seven-point response format

Distributive justice

1. My work schedule is fair

2. I think that my level of pay is fair.

3. I consider my work load to be quite fair.

4. Overall‚ the rewards I receive here are quite fair.

5. I feel that my job responsibilities are fair.

Formal procedures

6. Job decisions are made by the general manager in an unbiased manner.

7. My general manager makes sure that all employee concerns are heard before job decisions are made.

8. To make job decisions‚ my general manager collects accurate and complete information.

9. My general manager clarifies decisions and provides additional information when requested by employees.

10. All job decisions are applied consistently across all affected employees.

11. Employees are allowed to challenge or appeal job decisions made by the general manager.

Interactional justice

12. When decisions are made about my job‚ the general manager treats me with kindness and consideration.

13. When decisions are made about my job‚ the general manager treats me with respect and dignity.

14. When decisions are made about my job‚ the general manager is sensitive to my personal needs.

15. When decisions are made about my job‚ the general manager deals with in a truthful manner.

16. When decisions are made about my job‚ the general manager shows concern for my rights as an employee.

17. Concerning decisions made about my job‚ the general manager discusses the implications of the decisions with me.

18. The general manager offers adequate justification for decisions made about my job.

19. When making decisions about my job‚ the general manager offers explanations that make sense to me.

20. My general manager explains very clearly any decision made about my job.

The lambdas reported are from the standardized solution. X2167 = 348.07 (p < .001);

CFI = .92‚ calculated from null of 2‚602.00 with 190 df.

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JUSTICE AS A MEDIATOR OE THE

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN METHODS OF

MONITORING AND ORGANIZATIONAL

CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR

BRIAN P. NIEHOFF

Kansas State University

ROBERT H. MOORMAN

West Virginia University

Academy of Management journal

1993. VoL 36. No. 3. 527-556.

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15 مهر 1391

INDIVIDUALISM and COLLECTIVISM measures

Daphna Oyserman

The University of Michigan

Brief measures of individualism and collectivism were published in:

Oyserman‚ D. (1993). The lens of personhood: Viewing the self‚ others‚ and conflict in a multicultural society. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology‚ 65‚ 993-1009.

To what extent do you agree with each of the following statements

1	2	3	4	5
strongly disagree	somewhat disagree	neither agree nor disagree	somewhat agree	strongly agree

IC1 My personal attributes are what make me who I am.	1 2 3 4 5
IC3 I am unique‚ different from everyone else.	1 2 3 4 5
IC5 I enjoy being unique and different from others in many respects.	1 2 3 4 5
IC6 It is important for me to be myself.	1 2 3 4 5
IC7 To know who I really am‚ you must examine my achievements and accomplishments.	1 2 3 4 5
IC9 A mark of ch‎aracter is a focus on achieving personal goals.	1 2 3 4 5
IC12 It is better for me to follow my own ideas than to take suggestions from my family.	1 2 3 4 5
IC13 My personal happiness is more important to me than almost anything else.	1 2 3 4
IC14 Individual happiness and the freedom to attain it are central to who I am.	1 2 3 4
IC18 If I make my own choices I will be more happy than if I listen to others.	1 2 3 4
IC19 Challenging myself‚ achieving all that I can is important to me.
IC8 If you know the groups I belong to‚ you’ll know who I really am.	1 2 3 4
IC10 Whenever my family needs something I try to help.	1 2 3 4
IC11 To know who I really am‚ you must see me with members of my group.	1 2 3 4
IC15 My relationships with others are a very important part of who I am.	1 2 3 4
IC16 The history and heritage of my religious‚ national or ethnic group are a large part of who I am.	1 2 3 4 5
IC17 A person of ch‎aracter helps his/her religious‚ national-ethnic group before all else.	1 2 3 4 5
IC20 My satisfaction depends on the well-being of those who are close to me.	1 2 3 4 5
IC21 I have respect for Jewish leaders	1 2 3 4 5
IC22 It is important to me to think of my self as a member of my religious‚ national or ethnic group.	1 2 3 4 5
IC23 For me‚ personal goals are very similar to family goals.	1 2 3 4 5
IC24 For me‚ self-actualizing really means doing something meaningful for the Jewish people.	1 2 3 4 5

A number of publications use a longer form of IND and COL measure‚ for a review see:

Oyserman‚ D.‚ Coon‚ H.‚ & Kemmelmeier‚ M. (2002). Rethinking individualism and collectivism: Evaluation of theoretical assumptions and meta-analyses. Psychological Bulletin‚ 128‚ 3-73.

Oyserman‚ D. & Lauffer‚ A. (2002). Examining the implications of cultural frames on social movements and group action. In L. Newman and R. Erber (Eds.)‚ What social psychology can tell us about the Holocaust: Understanding the perpetrators of genocide. (pp.162-187). New York‚ NY: Oxford University Press

The scale is set up to assess separately subscales associated with individualism and collectivism (sense of common in-group fate‚ familialism‚ interrelatedness‚ valuing personal uniqueness‚ valuing personal freedom and happiness‚ valuing personal achievement).

The items used to construct each scale are listed below. The items themselves are presented on the next page.

Please circle the number that best describes how much you agree with each statement.

1. It is important to me to develop my own person style.	1 2 3 4 5
2. I often turn to my family for social and emotional support.	1 2 3 4 5
3. Learning about the traditions‚ customs‚ values‚ and beliefs of my family is important to me.	1 2 3 4 5
4. Though I may have some things in common with others‚ my personal attributes are what make me who I am.	1 2 3 4 5
5. My family is central to who I am.	1 2 3 4 5
6. I know I can always count on my family to help me.	1 2 3 4 5
7. It is important to me to respect decisions made by my family.	1 2 3 4 5
8. I prefer being able to be different from others.	1 2 3 4 5
9. I am different from everyone else‚ unique.	1 2 3 4 5
10. Family is more important to me than almost anything else.	1 2 3 4 5
11. I enjoy being unique and different from others in many respects.	1 2 3 4 5
12. It is important for me to be myself.	1 2 3 4 5
13. For me‚ hard work and personal determination are the keys to success in life.	1 2 3 4 5
14. To know who I really am‚ you must examine my achievements and accomplishments.	1 2 3 4 5
15. If you know what groups I belong to‚ you know who I am.	1 2 3 4 5
16. A person of ch‎aracter focuses on achieving his/her own goals.	1 2 3 4 5
17. Whenever my family needs something I try to help.	1 2 3 4 5
18. To know who I really am‚ you must see me with members of my group.	1 2 3 4 5
19. I enjoy looking back on my personal achievements and setting new goals for myself.	1 2 3 4 5
20. It is better for me to follow my own ideas than to follow those of anyone else.	1 2 3 4 5
21. My personal happiness is more important to me than anything else.	1 2 3 4 5
22. Individual happiness and the freedom to attain it are central to who I am.	1 2 3 4 5
23. My relationships with others are a very important part of who I am.	1 2 3 4 5
24. The history and heritage of my religious‚ national‚ or ethnic group are a large part of who I am.	1 2 3 4 5
25. A person of ch‎aracter helps his/her national‚ ethnic or religious group before all else.	1 2 3 4 5
26. My personal achievements and accomplishments are very important to who I am	1 2 3 4 5
27. If I make my own choices I will be happier than if I listen to others.	1 2 3 4 5
28. I have respect for the leaders of my religious‚ national‚ or ethnic groups.	1 2 3 4 5
29. My happiness depends on the happiness of those around me.	1 2 3 4 5
30. It is important to me to think of myself as a member of my religious‚ national‚ or ethnic group.	1 2 3 4 5
31. It is important for me to remember that my personal goals have top priority.	1 2 3 4 5
32. In some ways it is my relationships that make me who I am.	1 2 3 4 5
33. I often have personal preferences.	1 2 3 4 5
34. In the end a person feels closest to members of his/her own religious‚ national‚ or ethnic group.	1 2 3 4 5
35. I will sacrifice my self-interest for the benefit of the group I am in.	1 2 3 4 5
36. When I hear about an event I automatically wonder whether it will be good or bad for my religious‚ national‚ or ethnic group.	1 2 3 4 5

http://sitemaker.umich.edu/culture.self/measures

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15 مهر 1391

Identification with All Humanity Scale

Identification with All Humanity Scale (IWAHS)

S. McFarland - D. Brown

1. How close do you feel to each of the following groups?

1 = not at all close

2= not very close

3 = just a little or somewhat close

4 = pretty close

5 = very close

a. People in my community

b. Americans

c. People all over the world

2. How often do you use the word “we” to refer to the following groups of people?

1 = almost never

2 = rarely

3 = occasionally

4 = often

5 = very often

a. People in my community

b. Americans

c. People all over the world

3. How much would you say you have in common with the following groups?

1 = almost nothing in common

2 = little in common

3 = some in common

4 = quite a bit in common

5 = very much in common

a. People in my community

b. Americans

c. People all over the world

Please answer all remaining questions using the following choices:

1 = not at all

2 = just a little

3 = somewhat

4 = quite a bit

5 = very much

4. Sometimes people think of those who are not a part of their immediate family as “family.” To what degree do you think of the following groups of people as “family?”

a. People in my community

b. Americans

c. All humans everywhere

5. How much do you identify with (that is‚ feel a part of‚ feel love toward‚ have concern for) each of the following?

a. People in my community

b. Americans

c. All humans everywhere

6. How much would you say you care (feel upset‚ want to help) when bad things happens to

a. People in my community.

b. Americans.

c. People anywhere in the world.

7. How much do you want to be:

a. a responsible citizen of your community.

b. a responsible American citizen.

c. a responsible citizen of the world.

8. How much do you believe in:

a. being loyal to my community.

b. being loyal to America.

c. being loyal to all mankind.

9. When they are in need‚ how much do you want to help:

a. people in my community.

b. Americans.

c. people all over the world.

*Note: When administered in other countries‚ that country's name may be substituted for "Americans."

86346644N36-2.pdf

WHO BELIEVES THAT IDENTIFICATION

WITH ALL HUMANITY IS ETHICAL?

S. McFarland - D. Brown

Western Kentucky University

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Asian American Identity Scale

Asian American Identity Scale Daphna Oyserman (University of Michigan)

Oyserman‚ D.‚ & Sakamoto‚ I. (1997). Being Asian American: Identity‚ cultural constructs‚ and stereotype perception‚The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science‚ 33‚ 435-453.

The Asian American Identity scale (AsAmID‚ M = 3.71‚ alpha = .72) was based on Oyserman's tripartite racial model (Oyserman‚ D.‚ Gant‚ L. & Ager‚ J. (1995). A socially contextualized model of African American identity: Possible selves and school persistence. Journalof PersonalityandSocialPsychology‚69‚ 1216-1232)‚ with specific scale items developed for Asian Americans‚ especially adding family focus. Exploratory factor analyses with a varimax rotation of the 12 items resulted in a four-factor solution (Connectedness‚ Family Focus‚ Interdependent Achievement‚ and Awareness of Racism).

RESPONSE SCALE: A 5-point Likert-type response scale is used (1 = strongly disagree‚ 2 = disagree‚ 3 = neither disagree nor agree‚ 4 = agree‚ 5 = strongly agree).

SCALE ITEMS (BY SUBSCALE with means‚ reliabilities) Connectedness. (M = 4.13‚ alpha = .77).

1. It is important to me to learn about my group's traditions‚ customs and values.

2. I try to carry out at least some of my group's customs and traditions (e.g.‚ relating to holidays‚ food‚ language).

3. I want my children to be raised with my group's traditions.

4. I feel a lot of pride in the achievements of my group.

Family Focus. (M = 4.16‚ alpha = .64).

5. My relationship with my family is more important than other relationships I have.

6. Respect for my elders is an important part of how I was raised.

7. It is difficult for me to imagine celebrating major holidays without my family.

Interdependent Achievement. (M = 2.98‚ alpha = .72).

8. Working hard and getting good grades are a part of who I am as a member of my ethnic

group.

9. It is important for me as a member of my ethnicity to work towards a socially respected career such as medicine or law.

10. Every time a member of my ethnicity receives public recognition for occupational or academic success‚ it helps my group achieve success.

Awareness of Racism. (M = 3.26‚ alpha = .63).

11. Most people are prejudiced against Asians in at least some ways.

12. As a member of my group I will probably have to work harder than most people in order to get ahead.

DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS: Family Focus and Connectedness were correlated (r = .32‚ p < .01)‚ as were Interdependent Achievement and Connectedness (r = .22‚p < .01) and Interdependent Achievement and Awareness of Racism (r = .32‚p < .01). Other correlations between subscales were not significant.

http://sitemaker.umich.edu/culture.self/home

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